Improved lamp



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. B. REQUA.

Lamp.

NO- 35375 Patented May 6. 1862.

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E. B.. REQUA.

Lamp.'4 No. 35.175. n Patented May 6. 1862.

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I 4M-f- W/ 'r/vfssf s: /fv ff/wmf WM Ku @Wd Mig v NITED STATES ll. REQUA, Ol JERSEY CITY, NEY

IMPROVED LAMP.

Specification forming' part ol Letters Patent No. 35,l 75, datedjiay G, i862.

42, a horizontal section ot' the same, taken in the line z/ y, Fig. l.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspending,l parts in the two figures.

This inven tion relates to an improved lamp ot' that class designed for burning coal-oils without a chimney; and it consists in construeting` the burner ot' the lamp in such a manner that the flame will be supplied with. a requisite amount of oxygen to insure perfeet combustion, and at the same time be eapable ot' being adapted or applied to any ot' the lamps in `general use without heating and vaporizing the oil in the lamp to cause an eX- plosion thereof, and without obstructing,r the rays ot light or casting' a shade around the lamp.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the body or l'ountain of the lamp, which is inclosed by a jacket or case, B, ot' any suitable or desired form, having; pertorations a all around it at its lower part. The l'oi'intain A may be supplied with oil through a tube, (l, which projects through the jacket or case l5 and is, provided with a stopper, l).

l) represents the burner, which is screwed into the upper end'ot the jacket or case B, and is provichrd with a wicletube, l, ot' the usual flat form. The lower end ot' the wicktube YE is provided with a bell-shaped cap, l?, which, when the burner is screwed into the top ot' ot' the jacket or case l, serves as a top tor the lmlntain A, as shown in lfigr. l. The burner l) just above the jacket or case l is perforated with holes Il', which extend all around it.

(l is a vertical tube, which mayv be ot slightly conical form, and is fitted on the burner D,

so as to inclosc the greater part of the wicktube E. On the top of this tube G a cone or delieetor, ll, is fitted or secured and insulated by means of plaster-ol-paris, e, or any cement or material which is a `rood non-conductor ot' heat. The cone or defi eetor II may be of the same form as those used in ordinary eoaloil burners; but the upper end ol the wick-tube E, instead of being' below the slot cl of the cone, as usual, projects a little above it, as shown in Fig'. l.

l represents an outer cone or detleetor, which encompasses conce]ltriealljv the cone or doth-eter l I, and is suiiicientlylarger in diameter to admit ot a space or chamber, e, between them to serve as a dra-t't-jmssage. The upper end or apex ot the cone or deiector I is provided wit h a slot, j", which inline with the slot l ot' cone ll and the top of the wicktube E and some distance above the latter. The cone l is of such a form and has such a position relatively with the cone l-I as to leave a narrow space, e', all around cone H at about its center. (See Fig'. l.) Below this narrow space e the cone I quickly expands and is connected at its lower end to a glass tube, J, of conical or an approximate form, which rests on a horizontal annular fiange, g, attached to the burner just above the perforations c. thereof. The conel maybe, insulated from the tube J by jilaster-olparis, 71 interposed between them, or any other cement which is a `:rood non-comluetor ot' heat. The annular tlang'e y has spaces between it and the brniner Il), and the upper part ol' the space e above the narrow parte and cone H is co1nparatively large, so as to torni quite a chamber at the base ot' the tlamej.

The operai ion is as follows: The wick-tube E is supplied with a wick, K, ot the usual `fiat kind, and when the wick is lighted the liame is supplied with air through the jacket or case l, the air passing up through the lower part ot the burner and into the bottom ot tube (i, and thence upward to the base of the 'liame j, as indicated bj' arrows vl. Another dral't ot air passes, through the spaces or openings i in the flange g and up through the tube J and into space e, and impinges against the sides ot' the Haine J', indicated by the arrows 2.

The narrow space e causes quite a rapid On account of this arrangement the wickt-ube cannot conduct heat down into the t'ountain A, so as to vaporize the oil therein, and as both the tubes G and .l are insulated from their con es ll I they are also prevented from conducting heat down to the burner and fountain A, and the air passing up through the jacket or case 'B also has a tendency to keep the fountain and its contents in a cool state.

The burner I) may be screwed into any ordinary lamp in the same way as it is screwed into the jacket or case B herein described. In this case the lower end ot' the burner D around the wick-tube Eis closed by means of wooden plugs or otherwise, and the tube G is supplied with air through the perforations o', and these pertorations, when the burner is used Awith a lamp, as herein described, niay be closed or stopped in any proper way, or they .may be let't open, it desired.

The tube .I may be of metal, if desired, like the tube G; but glass is the preferable material, as considerable light will pass through it which would otherwise be lost.

The wick K may be raised and lowered by the usual serrated wheels@ ax.

I do not claim, broadly, the employment or use. ot. two tubes, G J, placed one within the vother to supply the iiaine with air, nor do I claim an air-passage encompassing the fountain of the lamp; but,

Having thus described my invention, what I do claim as n ew, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of the two tubes G J, one placed within the other and the inner one inclosing the wick-tube E, when said tubes are provided, respectively, with cones or deflectors H I, so constructed as to admit of a space, e, between them having a narrow passage, e', to increase the rapidity of the draft and cause a quick current of air to iinpin ge against the sides of the tlalnej, ,substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. Providing the lower end of the wicktube E with a cap, F, to serve as a top Jfor the .fountain A when said cap is used in connection with the tube G, applied to the burner- D, the latter screwed into the jacket or case B, and all arranged, as shown, to form a simple device to admit of the ilaine being supplied with a requisite quantity of air at its base and by a current which passes around the fountain A to keep its contents cool, .as

herein described.

3. Insulating the cones H I from their respective tubes GII by means of plaster-otparis or other good non-conducting cement, for the purpose of preventing the heat being conducted down to the burner and fountain, as set forth.

4. The combination of the two tubes G J, cones I-l I, wick-tube E, cap F, burner D, flange g, jacket or case B, and fountain A, all arranged as and for the purpose specified.`

E. B. REQUA.

Vtnesses:

J. W. OooMBs, JAMES LAIRD. 

